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NOW FOR YOUR VIEWING PLEASURE…
"BIRD IN PARADISE"
OR
"ONE IN THE HAND"
HAND MADE PAPER
OF AMATE BARK
PRESSED PULP FIBER
ETHNIC CULTURE
NATIVE / TRIBAL / INDIGENOUS
FOLK PAINTING
DEPICTS A LOCAL BIRD & PLANT LIFE
SURREAL
LIKE A MAGICAL TOUCAN
VINTAGE / ANTIQUE (?)
SOUVENIR OF MEXICO
FRAMED UNDER GLASS
BY KENNETT'S CUSTOM PICTURE FRAMING
PITTSBURG, KANSAS (KS)
1318 S. BROADWAY
TELEPHONE AD 1-2100
CIRCA 1950
FROM THE VILLAGE OF CERRO DEL BRUJO
MOUNTAIN REGION IN THE STATE OF
HILDALGO, MEXICO.
ICONIC FOLK ART MEASURES ABOUT 7" X 9"
FROM THE GREAT HOME DECOR
ACCENT FOR YOUR CABANA OR BUNGALOW
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FYI
The oldest known archaeological fragments of the immediate precursor to modern paper date to 2nd century BC in China. Papermaking is considered one of the Four Great Inventions of China, and the pulp papermaking process is ascribed to Cai Lun, a 2nd century AD Han court eunuch. With paper an effective substitute for silk in many applications, China could export silk in greater quantity, contributing to a Golden Age.
Paper spread from China through the Middle East to medieval Europe in the 13th century, where the first water-powered paper mills were built. In the 19th century, industrial manufacture greatly lowered its cost, enabling mass exchange of information and contributing to significant cultural shifts. In 1844, Canadian inventor Charles Fenerty and German F.G. Keller independently developed processes for pulping wood fibers.
Etymology
The word "paper" is etymologically derived from Latin papyrus, which comes from the Greek ??????? (papuros), the word for the Cyperus papyrus plant. Papyrus is a thick, paper-like material produced from the pith of the Cyperus papyrus plant which was used in ancient Egypt and other Mediterranean cultures for writing before the introduction of paper into the Middle East and Europe. Although paper is etymologically derived from papyrus, the two are produced very differently and the development of modern paper is separate from the development of papyrus. Papyrus is a "lamination of natural plants, while paper is manufactured from fibres whose properties have been changed by maceration or disintegration.
Papyrus is a thick paper-like material produced from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge that was once abundant in the Nile Delta of Egypt. Papyrus is first known to have been used in ancient Egypt (at least as far back as the First Dynasty), but it was also used throughout the Mediterranean region. Ancient Egyptians used this plant as a writing material and for boats, mattresses, mats, rope, sandals, and baskets. Chemically, papyrus is composed of 57% cellulose, 27% lignin, 9% minerals, and 7% water.
Etymology
The English word 'papyrus' derives, via Latin, from Greek ??????? (papuros). Greek has a second word for it, ?????? (bublos, said to derive from the name of the Phoenician city of Byblos). The Greek writer Theophrastus, who flourished during the 4th century BC, uses papuros when referring to the plant used as a foodstuff and bublos for the same plant when used for nonfood products, such as cordage, basketry, or writing surfaces. The more specific term ?????? biblos, which finds its way into English in such words as 'bibliography', 'bibliophile', and 'bible', refers to the inner bark of the papyrus plant. Papyrus is also the etymon of 'paper', a similar substance.
Egyptians may have referred to papyrus as pa-per-aa (that which is of Pharaoh), apparently denoting the Egyptian crown as owning a monopoly on papyrus production. However, no actual ancient text using this term is known. In the Egyptian language, papyrus was known by the terms wadj [w3?], tjufy [?wfy], and djet [?t]. The Greek word papyros has no known relationship to any Egyptian word or phrase.
Amate is a form of paper that has been manufactured in Mexico since the pre Hispanic times. Amate paper was extensively produced and used for both communication, records and ritual during the Aztec Empire; however, after the Spanish conquest, its production was mostly banned and replaced by European paper. Amate paper production never completely died, nor did the rituals associated with it. It remained strongest in the rugged mostly inaccessible mountain areas of northern Puebla and northern Veracruz states, with the small village of San Pablito in Puebla noted its shamans' production of paper with "magical" properties. This ritual paper use drew the attention of foreign academics in the mid 20th century, which alerted the Otomi people of the area of the commercial possibility of the paper. They began to sell it in cities such as Mexico City, where the paper was adopted by Nahua painters from Guerrero to create "new" indigenous craft, which was then promoted by the Mexican government.
Through this and other innovations, amate paper is one of the most widely available Mexican indigenous handicrafts, sold both nationally and abroad. Most attention is on the Nahua paintings of the paper, which is also called "amate" but Otomi paper makers have also received attention not only for the paper itself but for crafts made with it such as elaborate cut outs.
History
Amate paper has a long history. This history is not only because the raw materials for its manufacture have persisted but also that the manufacture, distribution and uses have adapted to the needs and restrictions of various epochs. This history can be roughly divided into three periods: the pre Hispanic period, the Spanish colonial period to the 20th century and from the latter 20th century to the present, marked by the paper's use as a commodity.
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