Four O'Clocks (Mirabilis jalapa) Growing and Harvesting Guide

Introduction: Four O'Clocks are charming flowering plants known for their fragrant blooms that open in the late afternoon, hence the name. They are easy to grow and can add vibrant colors to your garden, thriving in various conditions. This guide will help you cultivate these delightful plants and make the most of your harvest.

Growing Four O'Clocks
1. Selecting the Right Location:

Sunlight: Choose a spot that receives full sun to partial shade. Four O'Clocks prefer at least 6 hours of sunlight per day.
Soil: Well-draining soil is essential. They thrive in sandy or loamy soils with a pH of 6.0 to 7.0.
2. Planting:

Seeds: Start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost date or sow them directly outdoors after the danger of frost has passed.
Spacing: Space the plants about 12-24 inches apart, as they can grow quite bushy.
Depth: Plant seeds about ½ inch deep.
3. Watering:

Water the plants regularly, especially during dry spells. Four O'Clocks prefer moderately moist soil but can tolerate some drought once established.
4. Fertilizing:

Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer at the beginning of the growing season. Avoid over-fertilizing, as it can lead to more foliage and fewer flowers.
5. Maintenance:

Pruning: Deadhead spent blooms to encourage new growth and extend the blooming period.
Pests & Diseases: Keep an eye out for common pests like aphids and spider mites. Use organic insecticidal soap if necessary. Good air circulation and avoiding overhead watering can help prevent fungal diseases.
Harvesting Four O'Clocks
1. When to Harvest:

The primary harvest from Four O'Clocks involves the seeds, which develop in pods after the flowers fade. Harvest the seeds when the pods are dry and brown, usually late summer to early fall.
2. Harvesting Seeds:

Wear gloves when handling the plants, as the sap can cause skin irritation.
Gently shake the pods to see if they rattle; if they do, it's a sign they are ready to harvest. Use scissors to cut the pods from the plant.
3. Drying Seeds:

Place the harvested pods in a paper bag or spread them out on a shelf in a well-ventilated area to dry completely.
Once dried, carefully open the pods and collect the seeds. Store seeds in a cool, dark place in a paper envelope or airtight container for planting next season.
4. Enjoying Flowers:

Four O'Clocks are also valued for their beautiful, fragrant flowers. You can cut flowers for bouquets, but consider allowing some blooms to remain on the plant to attract pollinators and produce seeds for future planting.